جملة الاستفهام بين التراث العربي واللسانيات الحديثة (دراسة مقارنة)

Abstract

This study aims to identify “The Interrogative sentence in Classic Arabic and modern linguistics: A comparative Study” to get to know about the interrogative sentence and its patterns, it also aims to detect the structure of the interrogative sentence in the Classic Arabic and in the Modern Linguistics from structural, semantically, and pronunciation aspects.  The researcher followed the comparative approach and the descriptive analytical approach, and she reached many findings, such as: (1) The old linguistics did not agree on the definition of the concept of sentence, yet it looked like that the sentence, speech and structure were interfered, while the modern linguistics had set apart between the sentence, speech and structure, and defined the sentence as it is the minimum set of meaningful words. While the sentence divisions did not exceed 6 divisions according to the old linguists, the modern linguists found 20 divisions or more. (2) Grammarians believe that   "أ" و"هل" are for requesting for perception and confirmation for example:  أجاء زيد؟. (3) Making an interrogative can generate multiple meanings and semantics, such as instruction, separation, persuasion, and so on, rhetoricians identified thirty six meanings of interrogative, like reprimand, specification, and glorification, and so on. (4) The interrogative sentence in the Modern Linguistics   is a part of the predictive sentence not a part of reported speech, as it contains a request to predict about something. (5) The intonation’s function is only to change the sentence from affirmative to interrogative by tone.