การเพิ่มประสิทธิภาพแม่โคต้นน้ำเพื่อแก้ปัญหาการขาดแคลนโคเนื้อ

Abstract

บทคัดย่อไม่สมบูรณ์

Increasing efficiency of cow-calve for solving shortage of beef cattle

The important aims of raising cows for producing claves are that; cows are successfully inseminated before 2 years old and annually giving birth. Unfortunately, Thai farmer could not archive that goals which might due to raising system that dependent too much only on natural resource and lack of important management on reproduction system. Currently, domestic demand of high quality beef and for export is highly increased. Therefore, raising cows for producing claves system has to be highly more effective.

This research was conducted on two groups of farmer; 1) fattening beef group (Nong Pare, Yasothorn district) 2) natural beef group Ubonratchathani district. Both groups have been encountered a shortage of cattle to expand the herd and for meat production. There were eight farmers from each group selected to participate in the project. Each farmer took part in selecting and perching 3 cows with 48 cows in total to run the project. The farmers were educated in nutrition, reproduction and body score judging as a tool for feeding management. Fermented cassava pulp or concentrate were supplemented during pre-partum and post-partum. Cows were artificial inseminated in estrous period after post-partum. The objectives were that cows could annually produced calves and developed raising pattern that is suitable for groups. Meeting with farmers was held continually to provide experience from experts and to assess knowledge that farmers had been educated.

From this study, the learning of farmers were as follow; they learned when to determine suitable time for breeding cows. Within 48 cows, only 3 cows that were unfertile because of individual problem; one was skinny and unappetite, one with long period of estrus (7d) and one without estrus appearance. In addition, farmers realized the importance of feeding supplementation to induce cows ready for pregnant, time they must spend to observe sign of estrus both in the morning and evening so they wouldn’t miss the breeding time. Best practices from this study depended on the following factors; the strength of farmer groups, high leadership of leader, trust and respect from farmers to researchers. Researchers need to be able to clarify the principle of the project, recommend and resolve problems in a timely manner. Successful examples from this research induced an interest and being a role model for other farmers to follow.

The program has expanded to other members of the two farmer groups. Knowledge of management cows and networking raisers had been occurred to more than 300 farmers. The finding from this project also was presented to the governor of Ubonratchathani and Livestock Office to carry out the project for developing farmer’s career in lower north-east provinces of the country.