The Development of Community Products Type Interlocking Concrete Paving Blocks from Waste Materials in The Ceramic Tile Industry

Abstract

This research aims 1) to study the utilization of waste materials in the ceramics industry, 2) to develop the community products type Interlocking Concrete Paving Blocks from waste materials in the ceramic tile industry, 3) to evaluate the efficiency of the community products type Interlocking Concrete Paving Blocks from waste materials in the ceramic tile industry, and 4) to assess the level of satisfaction towards the community products type Interlocking Concrete Paving Blocks from waste materials in the ceramic tile industry. By the ceramic waste materials type Rolled tile (after burning) was conducted to study and development the materials using the porous ceramics utilization process with Portland cement type 1 as the binder which the materials engineering theory’s principle was used in this study. The results of the study of utilization process found that the utilization process 1: PCS7 formula in the porous ceramics with small particles form (particle size of 11.65 microns) had the most appropriate. The obtained material is small size of porous at the surface and smooth surface. The compressive strength is 57.61 MPa and the amount of ceramic waste materials used was 70 Percentage From the development of community product type Interlocking Concrete Paving Blocks found that the most appropriate product model was Model 2 with evaluation value in the most appropriate criteria (= 4.51, S.D. = 0.55). And from the results of testing products according to industrial standards (TIS) found that community products type Interlocking Concrete Paving Blocks from waste materials in the ceramic tile industry passed industrial standards No. 827-2531 in all items and  in the extent of the results of the satisfaction level assessment towards community products type Interlocking Concrete Paving Blocks from waste materials in the ceramic tile industry revealed that there were the highest satisfaction level in all parts include the group of people involved in ceramic waste, the case study of Kenzai Ceramics Industry Co., Ltd.                     (= 4.52, S.D. = 0.46), the manufacturer and supplier of community products type Interlocking Concrete Paving Blocks (= 4.63, S.D. = 0.44), and the persons who interested in community products type Interlocking Concrete Paving Blocks (= 4.80, S.D. = 0.37) respectively.

The study concluded that the ceramic waste materials type Rolled tile (after burning) can be introduced to utilization process and develop to be porous ceramics with hardness and durable by compression molding method. It can be used as a guideline for development community products type Interlocking Concrete Paving Blocks with exotic and interesting shapes, good physical characteristics and mechanical properties, passed the specified industrial standards No.827-2531 and can be used in commercial production and distribution as well.