Educational Investment Inequality in the Digital Age: Examining the Joint Influence of Income and Technological Readiness in Thai Households

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THITIMA PLUBPLUENG
Wandee Hirunsathaporn

Abstract

This study examines digital inequality in IT readiness and its interaction with household income in shaping educational investment among Thai households with school-aged children. Using data from the 2023 Thai Socio-Economic Survey with 32,661 households, the analysis employs descriptive statistics, Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), and Quantile Regression models. Results reveal significant disparities in IT readiness across regions and between urban and rural areas, with households in rural Northeastern Thailand scoring the lowest while urban Bangkok households scoring the highest. OLS results show that income and parental education positively influence educational expenditure, while IT readiness alone has no statistically significant effect. However, Quantile Regression analysis reveals that the interaction between income and IT readiness is positively significant only at the upper quantile (q75), indicating that only households with substantial financial resources benefit from technology access. Vulnerable households—those with both low income and low IT readiness—spend the least on education and remain unresponsive to any single intervention.

Article Details

Section
บทความวิจัย (Research Article)

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