Guidelines for Personnel Management Based on the Seven Qualities of a Virtuous Person (Sappurisa-dhamma) in Private Higher Education Institutions in Bangkok Metropolitan Area

บทคัดย่อ

Effective personnel management in higher education requires not only modern administrative practices but also a strong ethical foundation. In Buddhist-oriented contexts, the Seven Qualities of a Virtuous Person (Sappurisa-dhamma) provide a moral framework emphasizing wisdom, moderation, and respect for individuals and communities. This study aimed to examine the current state of personnel management based on the Sappurisa-dhamma, compare perceptions across personal factors, and propose personnel management guidelines for private higher education institutions in the Bangkok Metropolitan Area. An explanatory sequential mixed methods design was employed. Quantitative data

were collected from 70 administrators, faculty members, and graduate-level personnel selected through cluster random sampling from five private universities. Qualitative data were obtained from 10 purposively selected key informants to develop practical guidelines. Research instruments included a validated questionnaire (IOC = 0.80-1.00, reliability α = 0.95) and a semi-structured interview guide. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, and one-way ANOVA, while qualitative data were analyzed thematically. The findings indicated that personnel management based on the Sappurisa-dhamma was practiced at a high level overall. Parisanññuta (knowing the community) received the highest rating, while Mattannuta (knowing moderation) was comparatively lower. No significant differences were found by gender, age, or educational level; however, work experience significantly influenced perceptions of Atthannuta (knowing the result) and Mattannuta. Integrating the Sappurisa-dhamma into personnel management enhances ethical leadership, community engagement, and organizational harmony in private higher education institutions.