Production of Chiffon Cake Fortified with Mulberry Leaf Powder for Knowledge Transfer to the Community
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Abstract
The objectives of this research were to: 1) select the prototype formula for chiffon cake product; 2) determine the optimal amount of mulberry (Morus alba L.) leaf powder in the chiffon cake; 3) study consumer acceptance of the chiffon cake fortified with mulberry leaf powder; and 4) transfer the production process of the chiffon cake fortified with mulberry leaf powder to the community. The three fortified levels of mulberry leaf powder (3%, 5%, and 10% based on total cake flour weight) were investigated and subsequently subjected to sensory evaluation using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 50 panelists. A 9-point Hedonic Scale was conducted to assess appearance, color, odor, taste, texture (including softness), and overall liking. Data were analyzed using One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), and mean comparisons were conducted using Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at a 95% confidence level.
The results of the sensory evaluation of chiffon cake for the selection of the prototype formula found that panelists significantly preferred formulation 3 (over formulations 1 and 2) in all aspects (p≤0.05). A study investigating the optimal amount of mulberry leaf powder at three levels (3%, 5%, and 10% of total cake flour weight) found that panelists significantly preferred the chiffon cake with 10% mulberry leaf powder compared to the 3% and 5% fortification (p≤0.05). The mean preference scores for appearance, color, odor, taste, texture, and overall liking were 7.32, 7.32, 7.54, 7.46, 7.42, and 7.36, respectively, which is within the range of "liked moderately". Furthermore, the satisfaction level with the training workshop on the production process of the mulberry leaf powder-fortified chiffon cake was assessed. The results indicated that the participants had the highest level of overall satisfaction with the workshop, with a mean score of 4.65. They believed they could use the knowledge to create a career.
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