傣语中汉语借词的语音变化与语言接触差异研究:以中国西双版纳与泰国清康为例

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##

小玉 冯
智贤 荣
旻旭 何

摘要

汉语在傣语中占据重要地位,尤其在词汇层面,成为主要的外来词来源。为适应傣语的语音系统,汉语借词在进入傣语过程中常伴随语音上的调整。本研究旨在比较西双版纳傣语与泰国帕夭府清康县傣语中汉语借词的语音变化异同,以西双版纳傣语和泰国清康傣语为研究对象。研究采用田野调查法和比较分析法,收集两地傣语的日常交际、实际情况常见的汉语借词。主要语料来源包括实地录音、访谈、书籍相关的资料,探讨语音适应机制以及语音演变特征。研究发现,中泰傣语均保留一定数量的古汉语借词,但在普通话借词的语音演变方面呈现出差异著:西双版纳傣语中出现系统性的语音变异,而清康傣语则较多保留原有音系。本研究不仅揭示了语言接触深度与社会语言环境对借词语音演化的重要影响,也为理解汉语在跨语言传播过程中的本地化机制提供了新视角。

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##

栏目
研究型文章

参考

Chaikiattitham, R. (2019). An analysis and comparison of English loan words in Thai and Chinese. Journal of Language and Linguistics, 33(1), 43-61. https://so04.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/joling/article/view/173679 [in Thai]

Chaikiattitham, R., & Suwannahong, P. (2023). The differences of single-character Chinese loanwords in Thai writing. Payap University Journal, 32(2). 128-147. https://doi.org/10.14456/pyuj.2022.20 [in Thai]

Chen, B. (1996). Language contact and Sprachbund. Language and Literature Press.

Gyarunsut, P. (1983). Chinese loanwords in modern Thai [Master’s thesis]. Chulalongkorn University. [in Thai]

Lu, X., & Khumsat, T. (2021). Reconsider types of Teochew dialect loanwords in Thai and their semantic changes. Chinese Studies Kasetsart University, 14(1), 146-167. https://so01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/CSJ/article/view/247076 [in Chinese]

Luo, M. (1988). Comparison of Dai and Thai vocabulary. Minority Languages of China, (2), 26-34. [in Chinese]

Mapha, M. (2016). Foreign loanwords in Thai. https://portal5.udru.ac.th/ebook/pdf/upload/186cJ1c1IV13c15d5l5N.pdf [in Thai]

Ming, X. (2016). Comparative phonological analysis of Dai and Thai: The case of standard Thai and Dehong Dai. National Social Sciences Database, 1(23), 112. [in Chinese]

Pittayaporn, P. (2014). Layers of Chinese loanwords in Proto-Southwestern Tai as evidence for the dating of spread of Southwestern Tai. Manusya, Journal of Humanities, 17(20), 48-68. https://digital.car.chula.ac.th/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1088&context=manusya

Scotton-Myers, C. (2002). Code-switching as indexical of social negotiations. In L. Wei (Ed.), The bilingualism reader (pp.137-165). Routledge.

Sotthiyothin, P. (2012). Chaozhou loanwords in Thai: A phenomenon of semantic changes in semantic domains. Chinese Studies Journal Kasetsart University, 5(5), 129-162. https://so01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/CSJ/article/view/55074/45711

Therawongpinij, N. (2021). A study of the changes of Chinese loanwords in Thai languages from the perspective of language contact [Master’s thesis]. Dalian University of Foreign Languages.

Thiragun, A. (2020). Contemporary Chinese loan words in new Dai Lue Xishuangbanna Lue Xishuangbanna Chinese dictionary. Dhammathas Academic Journal, 20(3), 227-236. https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/dhammathas/article/view/241577 [in Thai]

Yan, N. (2012). Chinese loan words in the modern Tau Lue language of Sipsong Panna. Phikanate Journal, 8(1), 43-50. https://so01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/pikanasan/article/view/100594 [in Thai]

Yan, W. (2016). An introductory study on the lexical comparison between Dai and Thai. Higher Education Forum, (1), 182-182. [in Chinese]

Yan, W. (2018). A reference grammar of Xishuangbanna Tai Lue (Order No.10270) [Doctoral dissertation] Shanghai Normal University. [in Chinese]

Yu, P., Yang, Z., & Xie, Q. (2023). Xishuangbanna Dai language speech system and sound state research. Modern Linguistics, 11(7), 3037-3046. https://doi.org/10.12677/ML.2023.117413 [in Chinese]

Zhang, G. (1988). Studies on Dai ethnic culture (2nd ed.). Yunnan Nationalities Publishing House.