อิทธิพลของการรับรู้ความสำคัญของงานต่อพฤติกรรมจิตอาสาและ ความเหนื่อยล้าของอาสาสมัครกู้ภัยใน 14 จังหวัดภาคใต้: บทบาทตัวแปรคั่นกลางของแรงจูงใจจิตอาสา

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กริชนาวิน ทองส่งโสม

บทคัดย่อ

แม้งานวิจัยในอดีตระบุว่า การรับรู้ถึงความสำคัญของงานเป็นปัจจัยสำคัญที่ส่งผลต่อพฤติกรรมจิตอาสา อย่างไรก็ตาม ผลลัพธ์ที่ปรากฏในบริบทของอาสาสมัครกู้ภัยกลับแตกต่างกัน บางคนเต็มเปี่ยมด้วยพลังและความมุ่งมั่น ขณะที่บางคนเผชิญความเหนื่อยล้าและหมดไฟ งานวิจัยนี้จึงมุ่งตรวจสอบว่า ความสำคัญของงานมีบทบาทต่อแรงจูงใจจิตอาสาอย่างไร ภายใต้กรอบทฤษฎีการกำหนดตนเอง ในการศึกษาครั้งนี้มุ่งเน้นที่แรงจูงใจจิตอาสาสองรูปแบบ คือ แรงจูงใจที่ขับเคลื่อนด้วยความพึงพอใจจากภายในและแรงจูงใจที่เกิดจากแรงกดดันภายนอก โดยเก็บข้อมูลจากอาสาสมัครกู้ภัย 476 คน ใน 69 มูลนิธิกู้ภัยทั่วภาคใต้ และใช้โมเดลสมการโครงสร้างวิเคราะห์ข้อมูล ผลการวิจัยพบว่า การรับรู้ถึงความสำคัญของงานสามารถเป็นแรงผลักดันได้ทั้งด้านบวกและด้านลบ โดยแรงขับจากภายในส่งผลเชิงบวกต่อพฤติกรรมจิตอาสาและส่งผลเชิงลบต่อความเหนื่อยล้าอย่างมีนัยสำคัญ ในขณะที่แรงกดดันจากภายนอกแม้จะส่งผลเชิงบวกต่อพฤติกรรมจิตอาสาแต่ในขณะเดียวกันกลับส่งผลเชิงบวกต่อความเหนื่อยล้าในการทำงานอย่างมีนัยสำคัญ ผลลัพธ์นี้สะท้อนให้เห็นว่า ความสำคัญของงาน เปรียบเสมือน “ดาบสองคม” ที่สามารถเป็นทั้งพลังหนุนเสริมและปัจจัยบั่นทอนสุขภาวะของอาสาสมัครกู้ภัยได้พร้อมกัน และตอกย้ำความจำเป็นในการทำความเข้าใจแรงจูงใจจิตอาสาทั้งสองด้านเพื่อการบริหารจัดการอาสาสมัครอย่างยั่งยืน

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ทองส่งโสม ก. (2026). อิทธิพลของการรับรู้ความสำคัญของงานต่อพฤติกรรมจิตอาสาและ ความเหนื่อยล้าของอาสาสมัครกู้ภัยใน 14 จังหวัดภาคใต้: บทบาทตัวแปรคั่นกลางของแรงจูงใจจิตอาสา. วารสารการพัฒนาทรัพยากรมนุษย์และองค์การ, 18(2), 57–84. สืบค้น จาก https://so01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/HRODJ/article/view/283170
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