A Needs Assessment on How to Develop Virtuous Leadership in Secondary School Administrators

บทคัดย่อ

This research aimed to investigate the needs for developing virtuous leadership among secondary school administrators using a multiphase mixed method design. The sample for this study consisted of 748 individuals involved in the development of secondary school administrators based on the concept of virtuous leadership. It included 62 directors or deputy directors of secondary educational service area offices (selected through total population sampling), 343 secondary school teachers who served as heads of academic departments, and 343 chairpersons of basic education school boards under the Office of the Basic Education Commission (OBEC). A multi-stage random sampling method was employed to select participants from the OBEC schools. The sample size was determined using Yamane’s formula (1973) with a 95% confidence level. The research utilized both qualitative and quantitative methods. Quantitative data were collected through structured questionnaires, while qualitative data were obtained via interviews and document analysis. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation) and content analysis to provide a comprehensive understanding of the current practices and perceptions related to virtuous leadership in secondary school administration.

The findings revealed that the current state of virtuous leadership development needs was at a high level (overall mean = 4.22). Notably, both group and individual learning approaches were moderately emphasized, with mentorship (M = 4.41) and online learning (M = 4.24) receiving high ratings. The desired state was rated at the highest level (M = 4.87) across all dimensions, especially for individual learning methods such as mentorship (M = 4.97) and coaching (M = 4.90), reflecting significantly higher expectations than the current situation. The overall modified priority needs index (PNI_modified) was 0.154, clearly indicating a strong necessity for enhancing the development of virtuous leadership among school administrators.