The Development Model for Supportive Welfare Systems for the Poor in Communities in Kalasin Province

Abstract

This research aims to study and develop a complementary welfare system model for the poor, vulnerable, and disadvantaged in communities in Kalasin province, an area with complex multidimensional poverty issues. The study uses a mixed-methods research approach within a participatory action research framework. The sample includes representatives from community welfare funds in every subdistrict, poor households in the area, and pilot funds in several districts. Data was collected with questionnaires, focus group discussions, and lessons learned. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and thematic content analysis. The research findings indicate that the funds have financial potential and community participation but face challenges in financial management, the lack of a systematic needs assessment system, and the absence of an effective database. Most target households have low incomes, high debt burdens, and primarily need welfare for healthcare and job creation. Based on the study, the "3P + 1S" complementary welfare model was developed, comprising prevention, protection, promotion, and support systems. Evaluation results show that the model is highly effective in serving target households, increasing income, and building sustainable community resilience. This model can be applied in other areas with similar contexts, considering local social and cultural capital as the basis for development.