Guidelines for the Development of a Sustainable Environmentally Friendly Tourism Management Process on Koh Mak, Trat Province

Abstract

This research objectives were to: 1) to examine the process of environmentally friendly tourism management on Koh Mak, Trat Province, and 2) to propose guidelines for developing the environmentally friendly tourism management process on Koh Mak, Trat Province, in accordance with the needs of the area and tourists. A qualitative research method was employed through participant observation and in-depth interviews using semi-structured interview forms with 30 key informants, who are experts with at least 5 years of experience in environmentally friendly tourism development. These informants represent the public sector, tourism business operators, academics, non-governmental organizations, and the local community. Data analysis was conducted using content analysis.

The research findings indicated that 1)  the environmental-friendly tourism management process on Koh Mak relied on cooperation among government agencies, business operators, the local community, and tourists to conserve natural resources. The government focused on policy formulation and enforcement, business operators adapted their services in line with conservation principles, the local community passed on knowledge of local resources, and certain tourist groups recognized the importance of environmental protection. However, constraints remained regarding infrastructure and technology—particularly in waste management and wastewater treatment—as well as economic incentives that could impede sustainable approaches. Key success factors included collaboration among all stakeholders, investment in green technology, the enforcement of clear policies, and ongoing public awareness efforts for tourists. 2) Guidelines for developing the environmental-friendly tourism management process for Koh Mak  under the GREEN TOUR paradigm comprised (1) enhancing governmental responsibilities, (2) promoting responsible tourism, (3) improving knowledge-sharing and learning processes in local communities, (4) instilling a conservation-oriented culture, (5) strengthening networking systems and information exchange, (6) advancing relevant technologies, (7) establishing responsible agencies or committees, (8) integrating coordination mechanisms, and (9) strictly enforcing relevant laws.