Potential and Challenges of Muslim Women Mediators in Legal Pluralism Justice System in Thailand’s Southern Border Provinces

Abstract

This study aimed to examine the role of Muslim women in legal mediation processes in the Southern Border Provinces, their potential and success factors, as well as problems and obstacles encountered in their work. This qualitative research employed in-depth interviews with 15 participants, including women from civil society organizations, women working in mediation processes, female legal professionals, and religious leaders. Content analysis and thematic analysis were used for data analysis. The findings revealed that Muslim women play diverse roles in mediation, categorized into three main groups: mediators for violence-related issues in the area, mediators for family and inheritance disputes, and mediators in court proceedings. Key strengths include feminine gentleness and easier access to victims, Muslim female identity that builds trust, maternal roles, and the integration of Islamic principles in mediation processes. However, significant challenges were identified, including lack of initial confidence from disputants, insufficient budget support, and safety risks. Community leaders fully accepted and supported the role of Muslim female mediators. This study demonstrates the potential of Muslim women as important mechanisms for sustainable peacebuilding and conflict resolution in the Southern Border Provinces.