The Dynamic of Paka-Kyaw Karen Vernacular Houses: An Architectural Study Using the Visual Anthropology Method

Abstract

The dynamic of Paka Kyaw Karen vernacular houses from 1957 to 2019 were investigated using the visual anthropology method. The study was conducted in Mae Kha Pu Piang Village, Bo Kaeo Sub-district, Samoeng District, Chiang Mai Province, revealing the different of seven vernacular house styles. Six significant factors were identified as drivers of change: lifestyle and occupation, religion and beliefs, economy, natural resources, climate change, and public health. They are preserved due to two core factors: lifestyle and occupation, and religion and beliefs. It reflects a compromise with beliefs related to ancestors, ways of life and community resource management. Moreover, it is also influenced by the interplay of state governance with the traditional social and cultural structures of ethnic groups.

Visual anthropological research can describe the phenomenon of primary changes in vernacular houses from the perspective of ethnic communities. According to the findings of the media assessment, local communities are interested in adding content for educational and cultural management purposes. Experts additionally recommend including geo-social and cultural aspects to increase public engagement and understanding. Future research should include architectural, technology and information media, and historical approaches.