Ethical Climate, Personnel Engagements and Job Satisfaction in The Nakhonsawan Diocesan Schools in Thailand.

Main Article Content

Rev.Dr.Ronnie L. Torres, O.M.I.
Dr.Russell Rodrigo

Abstract

          This research delved into the ethical climate, personnel engagement and job satisfaction levels of administrators, teachers and non-teaching staff in the schools owned and managed by the Diocese of Nakhonsawan.  It aimed to produce an intervention program that will help increase if not sustain the above-mentioned variables.  This study was administered to 694 respondents in eight (8) schools of the Diocese of Nakhonsawan.  It used descriptive/correlational design to examine the relationship between and among administrators, teachers and non-teaching staff’s ethical climate, employee engagement and job satisfaction levels. The data were statistically analyzed using percentages, mean and SD, one-way ANOVA, and the Pearson Correlation Coefficient (r). The result shows that respondents across all schools exhibit high levels of ethical climate, job satisfaction and employee engagement; although there are significant difference on the result of respondents among domains, location and respondents. The respondents also uncovered concerns and problems related to the above-stated study variables. An intervention program was designed to address the concerns re ethical climate, job satisfaction and personnel engagement levels of the respondents with the hope to yield productive, engaged, satisfied and competent administrators, teachers and non-teaching staff.

Article Details

How to Cite
TORRES, R., & Rodrigo, R. (2023). Ethical Climate, Personnel Engagements and Job Satisfaction in The Nakhonsawan Diocesan Schools in Thailand. Saengtham College Journal, 15(2), 278–312. Retrieved from https://so01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/scj/article/view/252477
Section
Research Articles

References

Aziri, B. (2011). Job satisfaction: A literature review. Management Research and Practice, 3(4), 77-86. http://mrp.ase.ro/no34/f7.pdf

Barden, Courtney Lynn. (2017). "The Correlation Between Employee Engagement and Job Satisfaction in the Social Security Administration". All Capstone Projects. 365. https://opus.govst.edu/capstones/365

Blessing White. (2008). The State of Employee Engagement 2008. North American Overview. http://www.blessingwhite.com/EEE__report.asp

Botes, A. (2000). A comparison between the ethics of justice and the ethics of care. U.S. National Library of Medicine Journal, 32(5), 1071–1075. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2648.2000.01576.x PMID:11114990

Crawford, M. (2016, September 1). Why professional development matters to the success of a company. https://www.bizjournals.com/bizjournals/how-to/growth-strategies/2016/09/professional-development-matters-success-company.html

Damirchi, S., Karimianpour, G., Kiani, A. (2018). The association between occupational ethic and job engagement with the mediating role of career adaptability among employees of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Journal of Occupational Health and Epidemiology, 7(3); 160-6. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/f3e2/85993937c6dc3ba17aee4b5db3f3c9ff8cf9.pdf

Das, B., & Baruah, M. (2013). Employee retention: A review of literature. IOSR Journal of Business and Management, 14(2), 08-16. https://doi.org/10.9790/487X-1420816

Dhandapani, P., Jaswanti, V., & Thenmozhi, S. (2019). “Relationship between job satisfaction and employee engagement among school teachers in Chennai.” International Conference on Challenges in Workplace Counselling in the New Millennium 2019. Chennai. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/331641452_RELATIONSHIP_BETWEEN_JOB_SATISFACTION_AND_EMPLOYEE_ENGAGEMENT_AMONG_SCHOOL_TEACHERS_IN_CHENNAI

Gencoglu, M. and Dinc, M. (2017). Ethical Climate, Job Satisfaction, and Affective Commitment relationship in the Shoes Manufacturing Sector. International Burch University. https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/files/original/3676db198cd7c6f6abcc2e8ddf6945a0.pdf

Hamid, A. (2018, May 20). The Relationship between Job Satisfaction and Employee Engagement at Royal Malaysian Customs Department (RMCD) Kangar. http://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3186733

Hausknecht, J. P., Rodda, J. M., & Howard, M. J. (2009). Targeted employee retention: Performance-based and job-related differences in reported reasons for staying. Human Resource Management, 48(2), 269-288. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrm.20279

Ismail, S. (2015). Effects of Ethical Climate on Organizational Commitment, Professional Commitment, and Job Satisfaction of Auditor in Malaysia. Gadjah Mada International Journal of Business, 17(2), 139-155. https://doi.org/10.22146/gamaijb.6907

Jackson, C. (2018). Relationships Between Job Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment, and Teacher Engagement. [Doctoral dissertation, Walden University]. Walden University. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/5481/

Jha, S. (May 28, 2014). Determinants of Employee Turnover Intentions: A Review. Management Today, 9(2), 26-33. https://ssrn.com/abstract=2442689

Jitpraneechai, N. (2019). Motivational factors and job satisfaction of EFL teachers at the tertiary level in a Thai context. PAASA Paritat Journal, 34(1), 54-87. https://www.google.co.th/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjDpefu2__kAhUMPY8KHVVoCKsQFjAAegQIARAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.culi.chula.ac.th%2Fpublicationsonline%2Ffiles%2Farticle2%2FhhSaWuu9vvThu51032.pdf&usg=AOvVaw0LNJRb5FXEfBbn-HVj97JP

Juneja, P. (n.d.). Need and Importance of Employee Retention. MSG Management Study Guide. https://www.managementstudyguide.com/importance-of-employee-retention.htm

Kafumbu, F. T. (2019). Job satisfaction and teacher turnover intentions in Malawi: A quantitative assessment. International Journal of Educational Reform, 28(2), 207–226. https://doi.org/10.1177/1056787919841501

Kahn, R. A. (2013). Effect of employees’ perception of performance appraisal process on job satisfaction in Pakistani banking sector. Global Management Journal for Academic & Corporate Studies, 3(1), 111–121. http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/id/eprint/13194/1/24p%20MUHAMMAD%20ASAD%20KHAN.pdf

Knobloch, S. (2018, April 11). Want more engaged teachers, staff? Give them a voice. - Trusted. Retrieved September 25, 2019, from https://www.k12insight.com/trusted/want-engaged-teachers-staff-give-voice/

Kumar, D., & Swetha, G. (2011). A prognostic examination of employee engagement from its historical roots. International Journal of Trade, Economics and Finance, 2(3), 232–241. from http://www.ijtef.org/papers/108-F534.pdf

Lee, C. (2018, November 17). Major issues in education. Trade Schools. https://www.trade-schools.net/articles/issues-in-education

Mathis, R., Jackson, J. (2008). Human Resource Management (12th Ed.). Thompson South-Western, USA. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/33797590.pdf

McLaurin, S., Smith W.,& Smillie, A. (2009). Teacher Retention: Problems and Solutions. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED507446.pdf

Mayende, T., & Musenze, I. (2018). Ethical leadership and staff retention: The moderating role of job resources in Uganda’s healthcare sector. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology, 44(0), a1531. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajip.v44i0.1531

Monga, J., & Cilliers, F. (2015). Ethics culture and ethics climate in relation to employee engagement in a developing country setting. Journal of Psychology in Africa, 25(3), 242–249. https://doi.org/10.1080/14330237.2015.1065059

Moore, H.L. (2012). Ethical Climate, Organizational Commitment, and Job Satisfaction of Full-Time Faculty Members. [Doctoral dissertation, East Tennessee State University]. East Tennessee State University. http://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1407

Nicotera, A., Pepper, M., Springer, J. (2017). Analyzing teacher retention by performance level and school need examples from Maricopa county: A case study. Teacher and Leadership Programs. http://www.basispolicyre search.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/MCESA-Report.pdf

Olayiwola, R.O. (2016). Ethical Climate's Relationship to Job Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment and Turnover Intention among Employees. [Master’s thesis, Eastern Mediterranean University]. Eastern Mediterranean University Institutional Repository (EMU I-REP). http://hdl.handle.net/11129/2949

O’Connor, J. (2018). The impact of job satisfaction on the turnover intent of executive level central office administrators in Texas public school districts: A quantitative study of work-related constructs. MPDI Education Science, 8(69), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci8020069

Pagliaro, S., Lo Presti, A., Barattucci, M., Giannella, V. A., & Barreto, M. (2018). On the Effects of Ethical Climate(s) on Employees’ Behavior: A Social Identity Approach. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 960. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00960

Quick, P., & Normore, A. (2004). Moral Leadership in the 21stCentury: Everyone is Watching –Especially the Students. The Educational Forum, 68(4), 336–347. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131720408984649

Rajathi, V. & Pavitra, P. (2015). “Impact of job satisfaction of employee retention of it professionals”. International Journal of trend in Scientific Research and Development, 2(3), 382-385. https://www.academia. edu/36976085/Impact_of_Job_Satisfaction_on_Employee_Retention_of_IT_Professionals

Reilly, R. (2014, January 7). Five ways to improve employee engagement. gallup. http://www.https://www.gallup.com/workplace/231581/five-ways-improve-employee-engagement.aspx

Robbins, S. & Judge, T. (2011). Organizational behaviors. Toronto: Pearson/Prentice Hall Publications (12thed). My Management Lab. http://www.elmayorportaldegerencia.com/Documentos/Organizacion/[PD]%20Documentos%20-%20Essentials%20of%20Organizational%20Behavior%20(12%20edition).pdf

Robinson D, Hooker H, & Hayday S, (2007). Engagement: The Continuing Story, Institute for Employment Studies. Eemployment Studies. https://www.employment-studies.co.uk/system/files/resources/files/op11.pdf

Romero, G., Bantigue, N. (2017). Job satisfaction level of K to 12 teachers utilizing multiple statistical tools. Asia Pacific Journal of Contemporary Education and Communication Technology, 3(1), 1-11. https://apiar.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/1_APJCECT_Feb_BRR719_EDU-1-11.pdf

Shapira-Lishchinsky, O. & Rosenblatt, Z. (2010). School ethical climate and teachers' voluntary absence. Journal of Educational Administration, 48(2), 164-181. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/235297602_School_ethical_climate_and_teachers'_voluntary_absence

Sapovadia, V. and Patel, S. (2016). Ethics & Employee Turnover: CAFE Matrix. Shanti Business School, LJ Institute of Management Studies, PRA Paper No. 68784. https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/68784/

Shivappa, R. & Oghabian, F. (2013). Business Ethical climate and job satisfaction among social workers in modern day working environments. IJRMP, 2(4), 68784. https://www.socialworkfootprints.org/articles/ethical-climate-and-job-satisfaction-among-social-workers-in-modern-day-working-environments

Smith, G., & Markwick, C. (2009). Employee Engagement A review of current thinking. Institute for Employment Studies. https://www.employment-studies.co.uk/system/files/resources/files/469.pdf

Thiagaraja, D. and Thangaswamy, A. (2017). Theoretical concept of job satisfaction – a study. International Journal of Research – Granthaa-layah, 5(6), 464-470. http://granthaa-layah.com/Articles/Vol5Iss6/56_IJRG17_A06_436.pdf

Treputtharat, S., & Tayiam, S. (2014). School climate affecting job satisfaction of teachers in primary Education, Khon Kaen, Thailand. Procedia: Social and Behavioral Sciences, 116(0), 996–1000. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.01.334

Velasquez, M., Andre, C., Shanks, T., & Meyer, M. (2010, January 1). What is Ethics?. Santa Clara University. https://www.scu.edu/ethics/ethics-resources/ethical-decision-making/what-is-ethics/

Vorina, A., Simonič, M., & Vlasova, M. (2017). An Analysis of the Relationship Between Job Satisfaction and Employee Engagement. 55(2), 243-262. https://doi.org/10.1515/ethemes-2017-0014

Wakida, E. (2015). Job satisfaction – a literature review on employee motivation, attitudes and turnover: What is the relationship? Research Gate – August 2015. [Master’s thesis, University of Central Florida]. https://www. researchgate.net/publication/281235498_JOB_SATISFACTION_-_A_LITERATURE_REVIEW_ON_EMPLOYEE_MOTIVATION_ATTITUDES_AND_TURNOVER_WHAT_IS_THE_RELATIONSHIP

Westat, M.F. (2015) Diagnosing causes of teacher retention, mobility and turnover and matching to interventions: Guidelines for TIF grantees. Teacher and Leadership Programs. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED577277.pdf

Wilson, K. (2009). A survey of employee engagement. University of Missouri, Columbia. [Doctoral dissertation, University of Missouri – Columbia]. Mospace. https://mospace.umsystem.edu/xmlui/bitstream/handle/10355/6137/research.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y

Yeatts-Lonske, A. (2018, December 02). The Impact of Teacher Turnover on Student Learning. Marcolearning. https://www.thegraidenetwork.com/blog-all/impact-of-teacher-turnover-on-student-learning